{"id":2453,"date":"2020-03-06T06:00:35","date_gmt":"2020-03-06T06:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/?p=2453"},"modified":"2020-03-05T18:27:11","modified_gmt":"2020-03-05T18:27:11","slug":"z-dubnove-medunky-strevni-mikrobiom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/2020\/03\/06\/z-dubnove-medunky-strevni-mikrobiom\/","title":{"rendered":"Z b\u0159eznov\u00e9 Medu\u0148ky: St\u0159evn\u00ed mikrobiom"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hlavn\u00ed t\u00e9ma aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho b\u0159eznov\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla <\/strong>jsme nazvali VIRY, BAKTERIE A MY <\/strong>(a mimochodem, kdy\u017e jsme ho p\u0159ipravovali, netu\u0161li jsme, \u017ee t\u00e9ma jednoho viru – koronaviru – se v t\u011bchto dnech stane hlavn\u00edm t\u00e9matem ve v\u0161ech m\u00e9di\u00edch…).\u00a0 Z \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f na\u0161ich autor\u016f vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee pro dobr\u00e9 sou\u017eit\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka s t\u011bmito mikroorganismy je z\u00e1sadn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd siln\u00fd imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m.
\n<\/strong>Proto jsme vybrali uk\u00e1zku z \u010dl\u00e1nku na\u0161\u00ed spolupracovnice, terapeutky klinick\u00e9 nutri\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edny Charlotte Matyskov\u00e9,<\/em> o mikrobiomu, <\/strong>kter\u00fd se na imunitn\u00edch reakc\u00edch v\u00fdznamn\u011b pod\u00edl\u00ed… \u00a0
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo je ob\u00fdv\u00e1no obrovsk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm koloni\u00ed fyziologick\u00fdch mikroorganism\u016f<\/strong>. Tyto mikroorganismy sd\u00edlej\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fd prostor v na\u0161em tr\u00e1vic\u00edm traktu, d\u00fdchac\u00edm nebo reproduk\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu a \u017eij\u00ed ve vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 symbi\u00f3ze. Neviditeln\u00e9 organismy n\u00e1le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed ke skupin\u00e1m bakteri\u00ed, vir\u016f nebo kvasinek se ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako mikrobiom<\/strong>. Ten nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed \u017eije v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed tr\u00e1vic\u00ed soustav\u011b a je pro n\u00e1s \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd. Pod\u00edl\u00ed se na tr\u00e1vic\u00edch procesech a imunitn\u00edch reakc\u00edch, ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 na\u0161i n\u00e1ladu nebo mozkov\u00e9 funkce.<\/p>\n

Kdo je kdo ve st\u0159evech
\n<\/strong>Mikrobiom nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e1 zm\u011b\u0165 bakteri\u00ed, je to organizovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd se d\u011bl\u00ed do dvou z\u00e1kladn\u00edch skupin. Prvn\u00ed, tzv. esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed (tak\u00e9 benefi\u010dn\u00ed) skupina je dominantn\u00ed a udr\u017euje pod kontrolou tu druhou, tzv. oportunistickou. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je zn\u00e1mo n\u011bkolik set mikrob\u016f, kter\u00e9 ve st\u0159evech mohou \u017e\u00edt a jejich po\u010det a kombinace jsou velmi variabiln\u00ed. Esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed skupina mikrobiomu je nejpo\u010detn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a zahrnuje p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 bakterie \u2013 r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy bifidobakteri\u00ed, laktobacil\u016f, enterokoky nebo fyziologick\u00e9 kmeny Escherichia coli.<\/em> Do oportunistick\u00e9 skupiny pat\u0159\u00ed streptokoky, stafylokoky, klostridie, kvasinky, enterobakterie jako Klebsiella, Citrobacter<\/em> apod. Ve st\u0159evech zdrav\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka je jejich po\u010det omezen\u00fd a p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b hl\u00eddan\u00fd esenci\u00e1ln\u00edm mikrobiomem.<\/p>\n

Tenk\u00e9 a tlust\u00e9 st\u0159evo
\n<\/strong>Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed funkc\u00ed tenk\u00e9ho st\u0159eva je dokon\u010dit tr\u00e1vic\u00ed procesy a p\u0159edat d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 \u017eiviny do krve, aby je zanesla na m\u00edsto, kde je pot\u0159ebujeme. M\u00e1 v\u0161ak je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou funkci \u2013 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. V\u00a0tlust\u00e9m st\u0159ev\u011b se vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1 voda a syntetizuj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 vitaminy. Bakterie, kter\u00e9 v n\u011bm \u017eij\u00ed, produkuj\u00ed butyr\u00e1ty \u2013 l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 jsou pro sv\u00e9 protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 a protirakovinn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky p\u0159edm\u011btem v\u011bdeck\u00fdch studi\u00ed. Tenk\u00e9 i tlust\u00e9 st\u0159evo jsou po cel\u00e9 d\u00e9lce protk\u00e1na hustou s\u00edt\u00ed nervov\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken, kter\u00e1 je pro svou schopnost komunikovat s\u00a0centr\u00e1ln\u00edm nervov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem popisov\u00e1na jako \u201edruh\u00fd mozek\u201c.<\/p>\n

Imunita
\n<\/strong>V\u00fdstelka tenk\u00e9ho st\u0159eva funguje jako lymfatick\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148, kter\u00e1 je neust\u00e1le ve st\u0159ehu, p\u0159ipravena zas\u00e1hnout proti mikrob\u016fm a ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm toxin\u016fm, p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm z\u00a0venkovn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Stejnou lymfatickou tk\u00e1\u0148 maj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti na\u0161eho t\u011bla se slizni\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdstelkou, jako jsou \u00fasta, nos a d\u00fdchac\u00ed cesty nebo mo\u010dov\u00e1 trubice. Tento obrann\u00fd syst\u00e9m je rozpt\u00fdlen\u00fd ve slizni\u010dn\u00edm a podslizni\u010dn\u00edm vazivu ve form\u011b jednotliv\u00fdch bun\u011bk nebo mali\u010dk\u00fdch m\u00edzn\u00edch uzlin o velikosti n\u011bkolika milimetr\u016f. St\u0159evn\u00ed imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m produkuje protil\u00e1tky zne\u0161kod\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed toxiny, kter\u00e9 p\u0159iputovaly spolu s\u00a0j\u00eddlem, lymfou nebo krv\u00ed a tak\u00e9 imunitn\u00ed bu\u0148ky pro boj s\u00a0infekcemi – lymfocyty. Je i m\u00edstem, kde k\u00a0takov\u00e9mu boji doch\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00fd mozek
\n<\/strong>Ve st\u0159evn\u00ed st\u011bn\u011b se ukr\u00fdv\u00e1 rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 nervov\u00e1 plete\u0148 \u2013 enterick\u00fd nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m (ENS). Jeho hlavn\u00ed funkc\u00ed je kontrola tr\u00e1vic\u00edch proces\u016f, ale m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 schopnost ovlivnit mozkov\u00e9 funkce. ENS reguluje produkci tr\u00e1vic\u00edch enzym\u016f, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sval\u016f \u0159\u00edd\u00ed pohyby st\u0159ev nebo kontroluje pr\u016ftok krve pot\u0159ebn\u00fd pro vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivin. Jako \u201edruh\u00fd mozek\u201c nen\u00ed schopen samostatn\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed, ale prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek produkovan\u00fdch st\u0159evn\u00edmi bakteriemi komunikuje s\u00a0centr\u00e1ln\u00edm nervov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem. Bakterie mikrobiomu produkuj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 neurotransmitery, kter\u00e9 mozek vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k\u00a0proces\u016fm u\u010den\u00ed nebo vylad\u011bn\u00ed emoc\u00ed. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b nap\u0159\u00edklad serotonin, dopamin nebo melatonin, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed na\u0161i schopnost se soust\u0159edit, uvolnit nebo pro\u017e\u00edvat pocity \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Ve st\u0159ev\u011b tyto l\u00e1tky p\u016fsob\u00ed na enterick\u00fd nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m a prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm nervov\u00fdch vzruch\u016f i na centr\u00e1ln\u00ed nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Zp\u016fsoby tohoto propojen\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b nejsou p\u0159esn\u011b prozkoum\u00e1ny, u\u017e te\u010f je ale jasn\u00e9, \u017ee st\u0159evo a mozek nejsou odd\u011blen\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. Ze studie uve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 v\u00a0\u010dasopise British Journal of Nutrition<\/em> v\u00a0roce 2011 nap\u0159\u00edklad vyplynulo, \u017ee t\u0159icetidenn\u00ed u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dopl\u0148ku s\u00a0obsahem Lactobacillus helveticus<\/em> a Bifidobacteria longum<\/em> vedlo u skupiny dobrovoln\u00edk\u016f k\u00a0prokazateln\u00e9mu zlep\u0161en\u00ed \u00fazkostn\u00fdch a depresivn\u00edch stav\u016f.<\/p>\n

Mikrobiom jako ochr\u00e1nce
\n<\/strong>Mikrobiom m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na v\u0161echny funkce st\u0159ev. V ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed silnou vrstvu, kter\u00e1 mechanicky chr\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznici p\u0159ed vstupem nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch bakteri\u00ed, pl\u00edsn\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch toxick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek z\u00a0vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Pokud je mechanick\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra nezastav\u00ed, vy\u0161lou ochrann\u00e9 kmeny mikrobiomu l\u00e1tky podobn\u00e9 antibiotik\u016fm, nebo nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm bakteri\u00edm naru\u0161\u00ed membr\u00e1nu. Dal\u0161\u00ed kmeny mikrobiomu vy\u017eivuj\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed st\u011bnu, udr\u017euj\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 pH st\u0159evn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed se tr\u00e1vic\u00edch proces\u016f, synt\u00e9zy vitamin\u016f nebo u\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch neurotransmiter\u016f. N\u011bkter\u00e9 st\u0159evn\u00ed bakterie do sv\u00e9 st\u011bny vst\u0159eb\u00e1vaj\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 kovy, a pak je vezmou s sebou na cestu z\u00a0tr\u00e1vic\u00edho traktu ven. D\u00edky fyziologick\u00e9mu mikrobiomu st\u0159eva p\u0159irozen\u011b udr\u017euj\u00ed imunitn\u00ed i nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m v\u00a0rovnov\u00e1ze…<\/p>\n

\u00a0Cel\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek si p\u0159e\u010dtete v b\u0159eznov\u00e9 Medu\u0148ce.<\/em>
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hlavn\u00ed t\u00e9ma aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho b\u0159eznov\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla jsme nazvali VIRY, BAKTERIE A MY (a mimochodem, kdy\u017e jsme ho p\u0159ipravovali, netu\u0161li jsme, \u017ee t\u00e9ma jednoho viru – koronaviru – se v t\u011bchto dnech stane hlavn\u00edm t\u00e9matem ve v\u0161ech m\u00e9di\u00edch…).\u00a0 Z \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f na\u0161ich autor\u016f vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee pro dobr\u00e9 sou\u017eit\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka s t\u011bmito mikroorganismy je z\u00e1sadn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd siln\u00fd imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Proto jsme vybrali uk\u00e1zku z \u010dl\u00e1nku na\u0161\u00ed spolupracovnice, terapeutky klinick\u00e9 nutri\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edny Charlotte Matyskov\u00e9, o mikrobiomu, kter\u00fd se na imunitn\u00edch reakc\u00edch v\u00fdznamn\u011b pod\u00edl\u00ed… \u00a0 \u00a0 Lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo je ob\u00fdv\u00e1no obrovsk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm koloni\u00ed fyziologick\u00fdch mikroorganism\u016f. Tyto mikroorganismy sd\u00edlej\u00ed spole\u010dn\u00fd prostor v na\u0161em tr\u00e1vic\u00edm traktu, d\u00fdchac\u00edm nebo reproduk\u010dn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu a \u017eij\u00ed ve vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 symbi\u00f3ze. Neviditeln\u00e9 organismy n\u00e1le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed ke skupin\u00e1m bakteri\u00ed, vir\u016f nebo kvasinek se ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako mikrobiom. Ten nejrozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00ed \u017eije v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed tr\u00e1vic\u00ed soustav\u011b a je pro n\u00e1s \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd. Pod\u00edl\u00ed se na tr\u00e1vic\u00edch procesech a imunitn\u00edch reakc\u00edch, ovl\u00e1d\u00e1 na\u0161i n\u00e1ladu nebo mozkov\u00e9 funkce. Kdo je kdo ve st\u0159evech Mikrobiom nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e1 zm\u011b\u0165 bakteri\u00ed, je to organizovan\u00fd syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd se d\u011bl\u00ed do dvou z\u00e1kladn\u00edch skupin. Prvn\u00ed, tzv. esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed (tak\u00e9 benefi\u010dn\u00ed) skupina je dominantn\u00ed a udr\u017euje pod kontrolou tu druhou, tzv. oportunistickou. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je zn\u00e1mo n\u011bkolik set mikrob\u016f, kter\u00e9 ve st\u0159evech mohou \u017e\u00edt a jejich po\u010det a kombinace jsou velmi variabiln\u00ed. Esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed skupina mikrobiomu je nejpo\u010detn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a zahrnuje p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 bakterie \u2013 r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy bifidobakteri\u00ed, laktobacil\u016f, enterokoky nebo fyziologick\u00e9 kmeny Escherichia coli. Do oportunistick\u00e9 skupiny pat\u0159\u00ed streptokoky, stafylokoky, klostridie, kvasinky, enterobakterie jako Klebsiella, Citrobacter apod. Ve st\u0159evech zdrav\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka je jejich po\u010det omezen\u00fd a p\u0159\u00edsn\u011b hl\u00eddan\u00fd esenci\u00e1ln\u00edm mikrobiomem. Tenk\u00e9 a tlust\u00e9 st\u0159evo Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed funkc\u00ed tenk\u00e9ho st\u0159eva je dokon\u010dit tr\u00e1vic\u00ed procesy a p\u0159edat d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 \u017eiviny do krve, aby je zanesla na m\u00edsto, kde je pot\u0159ebujeme. M\u00e1 v\u0161ak je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou funkci \u2013 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. V\u00a0tlust\u00e9m st\u0159ev\u011b se vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1 voda a syntetizuj\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 vitaminy. Bakterie, kter\u00e9 v n\u011bm \u017eij\u00ed, produkuj\u00ed butyr\u00e1ty \u2013 l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 jsou pro sv\u00e9 protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 a protirakovinn\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky p\u0159edm\u011btem v\u011bdeck\u00fdch studi\u00ed. Tenk\u00e9 i tlust\u00e9 st\u0159evo jsou po cel\u00e9 d\u00e9lce protk\u00e1na hustou s\u00edt\u00ed nervov\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken, kter\u00e1 je pro svou schopnost komunikovat s\u00a0centr\u00e1ln\u00edm nervov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem popisov\u00e1na jako \u201edruh\u00fd mozek\u201c. Imunita V\u00fdstelka tenk\u00e9ho st\u0159eva funguje jako lymfatick\u00e1 tk\u00e1\u0148, kter\u00e1 je neust\u00e1le ve st\u0159ehu, p\u0159ipravena zas\u00e1hnout proti mikrob\u016fm a ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm toxin\u016fm, p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edm z\u00a0venkovn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Stejnou lymfatickou tk\u00e1\u0148 maj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti na\u0161eho t\u011bla se slizni\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdstelkou, jako jsou \u00fasta, nos a d\u00fdchac\u00ed cesty nebo mo\u010dov\u00e1 trubice. Tento obrann\u00fd syst\u00e9m je rozpt\u00fdlen\u00fd ve slizni\u010dn\u00edm a podslizni\u010dn\u00edm vazivu ve form\u011b jednotliv\u00fdch bun\u011bk nebo mali\u010dk\u00fdch m\u00edzn\u00edch uzlin o velikosti n\u011bkolika milimetr\u016f. St\u0159evn\u00ed imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m produkuje protil\u00e1tky zne\u0161kod\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed toxiny, kter\u00e9 p\u0159iputovaly spolu s\u00a0j\u00eddlem, lymfou nebo krv\u00ed a tak\u00e9 imunitn\u00ed bu\u0148ky pro boj s\u00a0infekcemi – lymfocyty. Je i m\u00edstem, kde k\u00a0takov\u00e9mu boji doch\u00e1z\u00ed. Druh\u00fd mozek Ve st\u0159evn\u00ed st\u011bn\u011b se ukr\u00fdv\u00e1 rozs\u00e1hl\u00e1 nervov\u00e1 plete\u0148 \u2013 enterick\u00fd nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m (ENS). Jeho hlavn\u00ed funkc\u00ed je kontrola tr\u00e1vic\u00edch proces\u016f, ale m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 schopnost ovlivnit mozkov\u00e9 funkce. ENS reguluje produkci tr\u00e1vic\u00edch enzym\u016f, prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sval\u016f \u0159\u00edd\u00ed pohyby st\u0159ev nebo kontroluje pr\u016ftok krve pot\u0159ebn\u00fd pro vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivin. Jako \u201edruh\u00fd mozek\u201c nen\u00ed schopen samostatn\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed, ale prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek produkovan\u00fdch st\u0159evn\u00edmi bakteriemi komunikuje s\u00a0centr\u00e1ln\u00edm nervov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem. Bakterie mikrobiomu produkuj\u00ed stejn\u00e9 neurotransmitery, kter\u00e9 mozek vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k\u00a0proces\u016fm u\u010den\u00ed nebo vylad\u011bn\u00ed emoc\u00ed. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b nap\u0159\u00edklad serotonin, dopamin nebo melatonin, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed na\u0161i schopnost se soust\u0159edit, uvolnit nebo pro\u017e\u00edvat pocity \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Ve st\u0159ev\u011b tyto l\u00e1tky p\u016fsob\u00ed na enterick\u00fd nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m a prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm nervov\u00fdch vzruch\u016f i na centr\u00e1ln\u00ed nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m. Zp\u016fsoby tohoto propojen\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b nejsou p\u0159esn\u011b prozkoum\u00e1ny, u\u017e te\u010f je ale jasn\u00e9, \u017ee st\u0159evo a mozek nejsou odd\u011blen\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. Ze studie uve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e9 v\u00a0\u010dasopise British Journal of Nutrition v\u00a0roce 2011 nap\u0159\u00edklad vyplynulo, \u017ee t\u0159icetidenn\u00ed u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dopl\u0148ku s\u00a0obsahem Lactobacillus helveticus a Bifidobacteria longum vedlo u skupiny dobrovoln\u00edk\u016f k\u00a0prokazateln\u00e9mu zlep\u0161en\u00ed \u00fazkostn\u00fdch a depresivn\u00edch stav\u016f. Mikrobiom jako ochr\u00e1nce Mikrobiom m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na v\u0161echny funkce st\u0159ev. V ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed silnou vrstvu, kter\u00e1 mechanicky chr\u00e1n\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed sliznici p\u0159ed vstupem nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch bakteri\u00ed, pl\u00edsn\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00edch toxick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek z\u00a0vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Pokud je mechanick\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra nezastav\u00ed, vy\u0161lou ochrann\u00e9 kmeny mikrobiomu l\u00e1tky podobn\u00e9 antibiotik\u016fm, nebo nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm bakteri\u00edm naru\u0161\u00ed membr\u00e1nu. Dal\u0161\u00ed kmeny mikrobiomu vy\u017eivuj\u00ed st\u0159evn\u00ed st\u011bnu, udr\u017euj\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 pH st\u0159evn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed se tr\u00e1vic\u00edch proces\u016f, synt\u00e9zy vitamin\u016f nebo u\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch neurotransmiter\u016f. N\u011bkter\u00e9 st\u0159evn\u00ed bakterie do sv\u00e9 st\u011bny vst\u0159eb\u00e1vaj\u00ed t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 kovy, a pak je vezmou s sebou na cestu z\u00a0tr\u00e1vic\u00edho traktu ven. D\u00edky fyziologick\u00e9mu mikrobiomu st\u0159eva p\u0159irozen\u011b udr\u017euj\u00ed imunitn\u00ed i nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m v\u00a0rovnov\u00e1ze… \u00a0Cel\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek si p\u0159e\u010dtete v b\u0159eznov\u00e9 Medu\u0148ce. \u00a0    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2446,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2453","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medunka"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2453","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2453"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2453\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2456,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2453\/revisions\/2456"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2453"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2453"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2453"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}