{"id":12542,"date":"2026-06-05T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-05T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/?p=12542"},"modified":"2026-05-27T17:15:04","modified_gmt":"2026-05-27T17:15:04","slug":"o-cem-jsme-v-medunce-psali-pred-12-lety-jak-chranit-kuzi-pred-sluncem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/2026\/06\/05\/o-cem-jsme-v-medunce-psali-pred-12-lety-jak-chranit-kuzi-pred-sluncem\/","title":{"rendered":"O \u010dem jsme v Medu\u0148ce psali p\u0159ed…12 lety: Jak chr\u00e1nit k\u016f\u017ei p\u0159ed sluncem?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

V \u010dervnov\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle Medu\u0148ky v roce 2014 vy\u0161el (krom\u011b mnoha jin\u00fdch) tak\u00e9 tento \u010dl\u00e1nek MUDr. Michaely Prosov\u00e9<\/em>. N\u011bkter\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky \u010dasem zastar\u00e1vaj\u00ed, tento je ale jist\u011b st\u00e1le aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed…<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se\u00a0l\u00e9to a v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00a0n\u00e1s\u00a0se t\u011b\u0161\u00ed na slune\u010dn\u00e9 letn\u00ed dny. Abychom si l\u00e9to a slunce u\u017eili,
a vyhnuli se p\u0159itom nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdm po\u0161kozen\u00edm k\u016f\u017ee, p\u0159ipomene n\u00e1m v\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku ko\u017en\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159ka MUDr. Michaela Prosov\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace o slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, jeho vlivu na na\u0161i k\u016f\u017ei, a tak\u00e9 p\u00e1r z\u00e1sad, jak o ni spr\u00e1vn\u011b pe\u010dovat.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a \u0161est fototyp\u016f<\/strong>
S\u00a0bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edm se l\u00e9tem se v\u00a0ordinaci dermatolog\u016f st\u00e1le v\u00edce setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s\u00a0dotazy, jak chr\u00e1nit k\u016f\u017ei p\u0159ed slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm, jak p\u0159edch\u00e1zet slune\u010dn\u00edm alergi\u00edm a jak zach\u00e1zet s\u00a0k\u016f\u017e\u00ed posti\u017eenou ko\u017en\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm, nap\u0159. atopick\u00fdm ekz\u00e9mem, r\u016f\u017eovkou, vitiligem.
Ochrana k\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ed UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm u lid\u00ed s\u00a0n\u00edzk\u00fdm fototypem, u pacient\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u00a0anamn\u00e9ze maj\u00ed ko\u017en\u00ed n\u00e1dor (nebo se tento typ n\u00e1doru vyskytuje v rodin\u011b), u pacient\u016f s\u00a0onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, kter\u00e1 se zhor\u0161uj\u00ed vlivem UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, jako je nap\u0159. rosacea, albinismus, vitiligo, a tak\u00e9 u d\u011bt\u00ed.
Podle reakce na slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed rozezn\u00e1v\u00e1me \u0161est typ\u016f k\u016f\u017ee:
I. fototyp<\/strong> \u2013 nepigmentuje, v\u017edy zrudne
II. fototyp<\/strong> \u2013 pigmentuje m\u00edrn\u011b, zrudne
III. fototyp<\/strong> \u2013 pigmentuje, zrudne z\u0159\u00eddka
IV. fototyp<\/strong> \u2013 pigmentuje dob\u0159e, nerudne
V. fototyp<\/strong> \u2013 tmav\u0161\u00ed rasy
VI. fototyp<\/strong> — \u010derno\u0161i<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed obsahuje ultrafialovou slo\u017eku (UV slo\u017eka), viditelnou a infra\u010dervenou \u010d\u00e1st spektra (v mal\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e i r\u00e1diov\u00e9 vlny a Roentgenovo z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed). Viditeln\u00e9 sv\u011btlo nem\u00e1 \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky, naopak m\u00e1 pozitivn\u00ed vliv na lidskou psychiku, infra\u010derven\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed m\u00e1 tepeln\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek, ale podle nov\u00fdch v\u00fdzkum\u016f p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k\u00a0aktinick\u00e9mu st\u00e1rnut\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee.
UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 propou\u0161t\u00ed zemsk\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra, d\u011bl\u00edme na UVA z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (320 – 400nm) a UVB z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (290-320nm). UVA d\u00edky del\u0161\u00ed vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce pronik\u00e1 ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e do k\u016f\u017ee a m\u016f\u017ee\u00a0 vyvol\u00e1vat zarudnut\u00ed a pigmentaci, ale s mnohem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed ne\u017e UVB.
UVB z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed zodpov\u00edd\u00e1 za zarudnut\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee, novotvorbu pigmentu a umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159em\u011bnu vitaminu D na aktivn\u00ed formu.
K\u00a0p\u0159irozen\u00fdm\u00a0 faktor\u016fm, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed ochranu k\u016f\u017ee, pat\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jej\u00ed\u00a0 tlou\u0161\u0165ka a mo\u017enosti melaninov\u00e9 pigmentace\u00a0 Proto je reakce na oslun\u011bn\u00ed \u00a0velmi individu\u00e1ln\u00ed, n\u011bkdo se sp\u00e1l\u00ed, ani\u017e\u00a0 by se op\u00e1lil, jin\u00fd naopak pigmentuje velmi intenzivn\u011b, ani\u017e by se sp\u00e1lil do\u010dervena.
Vlastnosti slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1visej\u00ed tak\u00e9 na ro\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed, geografick\u00e9 poloze, nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce, moment\u00e1ln\u00edm stavu atmosf\u00e9ry a denn\u00ed dob\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ochrana k\u016f\u017ee (fotoprotekce)<\/strong>
Fotoprotekce je z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed preventivn\u00ed medic\u00edny, kter\u00e1 se nyn\u00ed dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do pop\u0159ed\u00ed z\u00e1jmu\u00a0 pacient\u016f, l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f i farmaceutick\u00fdch firem. P\u0159ed siln\u00fdm slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm se m\u016f\u017eeme chr\u00e1nit \u00a0pobytem ve st\u00ednu (pozor —\u00a0 odraz\u00a0 b\u00edl\u00e9ho p\u00edsku \u010di sn\u011bhu je a\u017e 35 % ), od\u011bvem, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f p\u0159\u00edmo na k\u016f\u017ei (sunscreeny) a syst\u00e9movou fotoprotekc\u00ed — vnit\u0159n\u00edm u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm antioxidant\u016f.
N\u011bkter\u00e9 od\u011bvy jsou vyr\u00e1b\u011bny speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro pobyt na slunci a v\u00fdrobce uv\u00e1d\u00ed jejich propustnost pro UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, tzv. UPF (UV protecting\u00a0 faktor). Hodnota UPF nad 50 znamen\u00e1 v\u00fdbornou ochranu p\u0159ed slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm. \u00da\u010dinnost ochrany p\u0159ed slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm u od\u011bv\u016f, kter\u00e9 tuto speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravu nemaj\u00ed, je z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na barv\u011b. \u010cern\u00e9 od\u011bvy chr\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9pe, bavlna je lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e\u00a0 syntetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly. D\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ochrany proti UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed jsou br\u00fdle s\u00a0testovan\u00fdm UV filtrem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010c\u00edm se\u00a0namazat?<\/strong>
Ml\u00e9ka, oleje, kr\u00e9my \u010di gely pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo na k\u016f\u017ei, se podle sun protecting faktoru (SPF) rozd\u011bluj\u00ed na n\u011bkolik typ\u016f ochrany (dle normy COLIPA od roku 2004):\u00a0n\u00edzk\u00fd (SPF 2,4,6), st\u0159edn\u00ed (SPF 8,10,12), vysok\u00fd (SPF 15,20, 25), velmi vysok\u00fd (SPF 30,40,50)\u00a0 a ultra vysok\u00fd (SPF 50+).
Sunscreeny obsahuj\u00ed jak slo\u017eku chemick\u00e9 ochrany (Mexoryl SX, Tinosorb S, Tinosorb M), tak i fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed filtry (oxid zine\u010dnaty, oxid titani\u010dit\u00fd), kter\u00e9 jsou vhodn\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na pro d\u011bti, proto\u017ee nealergizuj\u00ed a po nanesen\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed na k\u016f\u017ei viditeln\u00e9 b\u00edl\u00e9 stopy.
Kojenci do 6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f by nem\u011bli b\u00fdt vystavov\u00e1ni slunci v\u016fbec, u d\u011bt\u00ed mlad\u0161\u00edch ne\u017e dva roky je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd \u010dast\u00fd pobyt ve st\u00ednu, ochrana vhodn\u00fdm od\u011bvem a pou\u017eit\u00ed kr\u00e9mu \u010di ml\u00e9ka s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm ochrann\u00fdm faktorem. Star\u0161\u00ed d\u011bti by se m\u011bly chr\u00e1nit prost\u0159edkem a ochrann\u00fdm faktorem nejm\u00e9n\u011b 30 (a v\u00edce) a nevystavovat se poledn\u00edmu slunci. U ochrann\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f je t\u0159eba sledovat nejen u\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd SPF, tak\u00e9 jejich vodost\u00e1lost. Kr\u00e9m bychom m\u011bli na poko\u017eku aplikovat dvakr\u00e1t, a to p\u016fl hodiny p\u0159ed t\u00edm, ne\u017e bude k\u016f\u017ee vystavena slune\u010dn\u00edmu z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, proto\u017ee za tuto dobu se \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky dob\u0159e nav\u00e1\u017eou na rohovou vrstvu k\u016f\u017ee. P\u0159\u00edpravky \u201ewater resistant\u201c vydr\u017e\u00ed p\u0159i koup\u00e1n\u00ed 40 minut, \u201every water resistent\u201c vydr\u017e\u00ed 80 minut. Slan\u00e1 voda sni\u017euje odolnost p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f SPF v\u00edce ne\u017e voda chlorovan\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Antioxidanty<\/strong>
P\u0159i ochran\u011b k\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ed UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm hraj\u00ed roli tak\u00e9 antioxidanty, i kdy\u017e je nelze p\u0159\u00edmo pova\u017eovat za ochrann\u00e9 prost\u0159edky — jsou m\u00e9n\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 ne\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 sunscreeny. Vychyt\u00e1vaj\u00ed reaktivn\u00ed kysl\u00edk, a t\u00edm na bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 a tk\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e9 \u00farovni ochra\u0148uj\u00ed DNA, proteiny a lipidy.
Do t\u00e9to skupiny pat\u0159\u00ed vitamin E (rozpustn\u00fd v\u00a0tuc\u00edch), kter\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk neum\u00ed syntetizovat a z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 ho p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z\u00a0potravy (o\u0159echy, zelenina, rostlinn\u00e9 oleje a sem\u00ednka) nebo jako dopln\u011bk stravy, d\u00e1le dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fd, ve vod\u011b rozpustn\u00fd vitamin C. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem i polyfenoly,\u00a0 obsa\u017een\u00e9 nap\u0159. v\u00a0citrusech, v \u010derven\u00e9m v\u00edn\u011b a ve vinn\u00fdch jad\u00e9rk\u00e1ch, v\u00a0s\u00f3je, kakau, cibuli, zelen\u00e9m \u010daji, brokolici \u010di jablc\u00edch.
Antioxidanty mohou d\u00edky sv\u00fdm protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdm, antioxida\u010dn\u00edm a repara\u010dn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dink\u016fm\u00a0 zabr\u00e1nit vzniku ko\u017en\u00ed rakoviny. Lze je pou\u017e\u00edvat jako dietn\u00ed dopl\u0148ky (selen, zinek, esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed mastn\u00e9 kyseliny Omega 3 a Omega 6, beta karoten, lykopeny, resveratrol,tanin,flavonoidy\u2026) a nyn\u00ed se nov\u011b p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 do sunscreen\u016f.
Ochrana proti UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed je aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed zejm\u00e9na v l\u00e9t\u011b, ale nem\u011bli bychom ji podce\u0148ovat ani v\u00a0ostatn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech roku \u2013 bohu\u017eel malign\u00ed melanom je n\u00e1dor s\u00a0nejrychleji rostouc\u00ed incidenc\u00ed (\u010detnost\u00ed v\u00fdskytu?) na sv\u011bt\u011b.
Zvolme proto vhodn\u00fd zp\u016fsob ochrany a sna\u017eme se, aby n\u00e1m slune\u010dn\u00ed paprsky p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ely radost a nebyly p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0MUDr. Michaela Prosov\u00e1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V \u010dervnov\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle Medu\u0148ky v roce 2014 vy\u0161el (krom\u011b mnoha jin\u00fdch) tak\u00e9 tento \u010dl\u00e1nek MUDr. Michaely Prosov\u00e9. N\u011bkter\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky \u010dasem zastar\u00e1vaj\u00ed, tento je ale jist\u011b st\u00e1le aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed… Bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se\u00a0l\u00e9to a v\u011bt\u0161ina z\u00a0n\u00e1s\u00a0se t\u011b\u0161\u00ed na slune\u010dn\u00e9 letn\u00ed dny. Abychom si l\u00e9to a slunce u\u017eili,a vyhnuli se p\u0159itom nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdm po\u0161kozen\u00edm k\u016f\u017ee, p\u0159ipomene n\u00e1m v\u00a0n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm \u010dl\u00e1nku ko\u017en\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159ka MUDr. Michaela Prosov\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace o slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, jeho vlivu na na\u0161i k\u016f\u017ei, a tak\u00e9 p\u00e1r z\u00e1sad, jak o ni spr\u00e1vn\u011b pe\u010dovat. Slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a \u0161est fototyp\u016fS\u00a0bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edm se l\u00e9tem se v\u00a0ordinaci dermatolog\u016f st\u00e1le v\u00edce setk\u00e1v\u00e1me s\u00a0dotazy, jak chr\u00e1nit k\u016f\u017ei p\u0159ed slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm, jak p\u0159edch\u00e1zet slune\u010dn\u00edm alergi\u00edm a jak zach\u00e1zet s\u00a0k\u016f\u017e\u00ed posti\u017eenou ko\u017en\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00edm, nap\u0159. atopick\u00fdm ekz\u00e9mem, r\u016f\u017eovkou, vitiligem.Ochrana k\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ed UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm u lid\u00ed s\u00a0n\u00edzk\u00fdm fototypem, u pacient\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed v\u00a0anamn\u00e9ze maj\u00ed ko\u017en\u00ed n\u00e1dor (nebo se tento typ n\u00e1doru vyskytuje v rodin\u011b), u pacient\u016f s\u00a0onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi, kter\u00e1 se zhor\u0161uj\u00ed vlivem UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, jako je nap\u0159. rosacea, albinismus, vitiligo, a tak\u00e9 u d\u011bt\u00ed.Podle reakce na slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed rozezn\u00e1v\u00e1me \u0161est typ\u016f k\u016f\u017ee:I. fototyp \u2013 nepigmentuje, v\u017edy zrudneII. fototyp \u2013 pigmentuje m\u00edrn\u011b, zrudneIII. fototyp \u2013 pigmentuje, zrudne z\u0159\u00eddkaIV. fototyp \u2013 pigmentuje dob\u0159e, nerudneV. fototyp \u2013 tmav\u0161\u00ed rasyVI. fototyp — \u010derno\u0161i Slune\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed obsahuje ultrafialovou slo\u017eku (UV slo\u017eka), viditelnou a infra\u010dervenou \u010d\u00e1st spektra (v mal\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e i r\u00e1diov\u00e9 vlny a Roentgenovo z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed). Viditeln\u00e9 sv\u011btlo nem\u00e1 \u0161kodliv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky, naopak m\u00e1 pozitivn\u00ed vliv na lidskou psychiku, infra\u010derven\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed m\u00e1 tepeln\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek, ale podle nov\u00fdch v\u00fdzkum\u016f p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k\u00a0aktinick\u00e9mu st\u00e1rnut\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee.UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 propou\u0161t\u00ed zemsk\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra, d\u011bl\u00edme na UVA z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (320 – 400nm) a UVB z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (290-320nm). UVA d\u00edky del\u0161\u00ed vlnov\u00e9 d\u00e9lce pronik\u00e1 ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e do k\u016f\u017ee a m\u016f\u017ee\u00a0 vyvol\u00e1vat zarudnut\u00ed a pigmentaci, ale s mnohem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed ne\u017e UVB.UVB z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed zodpov\u00edd\u00e1 za zarudnut\u00ed k\u016f\u017ee, novotvorbu pigmentu a umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u0159em\u011bnu vitaminu D na aktivn\u00ed formu.K\u00a0p\u0159irozen\u00fdm\u00a0 faktor\u016fm, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed ochranu k\u016f\u017ee, pat\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jej\u00ed\u00a0 tlou\u0161\u0165ka a mo\u017enosti melaninov\u00e9 pigmentace\u00a0 Proto je reakce na oslun\u011bn\u00ed \u00a0velmi individu\u00e1ln\u00ed, n\u011bkdo se sp\u00e1l\u00ed, ani\u017e\u00a0 by se op\u00e1lil, jin\u00fd naopak pigmentuje velmi intenzivn\u011b, ani\u017e by se sp\u00e1lil do\u010dervena.Vlastnosti slune\u010dn\u00edho z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1visej\u00ed tak\u00e9 na ro\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00ed, geografick\u00e9 poloze, nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce, moment\u00e1ln\u00edm stavu atmosf\u00e9ry a denn\u00ed dob\u011b. Ochrana k\u016f\u017ee (fotoprotekce)Fotoprotekce je z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed preventivn\u00ed medic\u00edny, kter\u00e1 se nyn\u00ed dost\u00e1v\u00e1 do pop\u0159ed\u00ed z\u00e1jmu\u00a0 pacient\u016f, l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f i farmaceutick\u00fdch firem. P\u0159ed siln\u00fdm slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm se m\u016f\u017eeme chr\u00e1nit \u00a0pobytem ve st\u00ednu (pozor —\u00a0 odraz\u00a0 b\u00edl\u00e9ho p\u00edsku \u010di sn\u011bhu je a\u017e 35 % ), od\u011bvem, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f p\u0159\u00edmo na k\u016f\u017ei (sunscreeny) a syst\u00e9movou fotoprotekc\u00ed — vnit\u0159n\u00edm u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm antioxidant\u016f.N\u011bkter\u00e9 od\u011bvy jsou vyr\u00e1b\u011bny speci\u00e1ln\u011b pro pobyt na slunci a v\u00fdrobce uv\u00e1d\u00ed jejich propustnost pro UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, tzv. UPF (UV protecting\u00a0 faktor). Hodnota UPF nad 50 znamen\u00e1 v\u00fdbornou ochranu p\u0159ed slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm. \u00da\u010dinnost ochrany p\u0159ed slune\u010dn\u00edm z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm u od\u011bv\u016f, kter\u00e9 tuto speci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravu nemaj\u00ed, je z\u00e1visl\u00e1 na barv\u011b. \u010cern\u00e9 od\u011bvy chr\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9pe, bavlna je lep\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e\u00a0 syntetick\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly. D\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ochrany proti UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed jsou br\u00fdle s\u00a0testovan\u00fdm UV filtrem. \u010c\u00edm se\u00a0namazat?Ml\u00e9ka, oleje, kr\u00e9my \u010di gely pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo na k\u016f\u017ei, se podle sun protecting faktoru (SPF) rozd\u011bluj\u00ed na n\u011bkolik typ\u016f ochrany (dle normy COLIPA od roku 2004):\u00a0n\u00edzk\u00fd (SPF 2,4,6), st\u0159edn\u00ed (SPF 8,10,12), vysok\u00fd (SPF 15,20, 25), velmi vysok\u00fd (SPF 30,40,50)\u00a0 a ultra vysok\u00fd (SPF 50+).Sunscreeny obsahuj\u00ed jak slo\u017eku chemick\u00e9 ochrany (Mexoryl SX, Tinosorb S, Tinosorb M), tak i fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed filtry (oxid zine\u010dnaty, oxid titani\u010dit\u00fd), kter\u00e9 jsou vhodn\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na pro d\u011bti, proto\u017ee nealergizuj\u00ed a po nanesen\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed na k\u016f\u017ei viditeln\u00e9 b\u00edl\u00e9 stopy.Kojenci do 6 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f by nem\u011bli b\u00fdt vystavov\u00e1ni slunci v\u016fbec, u d\u011bt\u00ed mlad\u0161\u00edch ne\u017e dva roky je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd \u010dast\u00fd pobyt ve st\u00ednu, ochrana vhodn\u00fdm od\u011bvem a pou\u017eit\u00ed kr\u00e9mu \u010di ml\u00e9ka s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm ochrann\u00fdm faktorem. Star\u0161\u00ed d\u011bti by se m\u011bly chr\u00e1nit prost\u0159edkem a ochrann\u00fdm faktorem nejm\u00e9n\u011b 30 (a v\u00edce) a nevystavovat se poledn\u00edmu slunci. U ochrann\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f je t\u0159eba sledovat nejen u\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd SPF, tak\u00e9 jejich vodost\u00e1lost. Kr\u00e9m bychom m\u011bli na poko\u017eku aplikovat dvakr\u00e1t, a to p\u016fl hodiny p\u0159ed t\u00edm, ne\u017e bude k\u016f\u017ee vystavena slune\u010dn\u00edmu z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, proto\u017ee za tuto dobu se \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky dob\u0159e nav\u00e1\u017eou na rohovou vrstvu k\u016f\u017ee. P\u0159\u00edpravky \u201ewater resistant\u201c vydr\u017e\u00ed p\u0159i koup\u00e1n\u00ed 40 minut, \u201every water resistent\u201c vydr\u017e\u00ed 80 minut. Slan\u00e1 voda sni\u017euje odolnost p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f SPF v\u00edce ne\u017e voda chlorovan\u00e1. AntioxidantyP\u0159i ochran\u011b k\u016f\u017ee p\u0159ed UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm hraj\u00ed roli tak\u00e9 antioxidanty, i kdy\u017e je nelze p\u0159\u00edmo pova\u017eovat za ochrann\u00e9 prost\u0159edky — jsou m\u00e9n\u011b \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 ne\u017e zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 sunscreeny. Vychyt\u00e1vaj\u00ed reaktivn\u00ed kysl\u00edk, a t\u00edm na bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 a tk\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e9 \u00farovni ochra\u0148uj\u00ed DNA, proteiny a lipidy.Do t\u00e9to skupiny pat\u0159\u00ed vitamin E (rozpustn\u00fd v\u00a0tuc\u00edch), kter\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk neum\u00ed syntetizovat a z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 ho p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm z\u00a0potravy (o\u0159echy, zelenina, rostlinn\u00e9 oleje a sem\u00ednka) nebo jako dopln\u011bk stravy, d\u00e1le dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fd, ve vod\u011b rozpustn\u00fd vitamin C. Pat\u0159\u00ed sem i polyfenoly,\u00a0 obsa\u017een\u00e9 nap\u0159. v\u00a0citrusech, v \u010derven\u00e9m v\u00edn\u011b a ve vinn\u00fdch jad\u00e9rk\u00e1ch, v\u00a0s\u00f3je, kakau, cibuli, zelen\u00e9m \u010daji, brokolici \u010di jablc\u00edch.Antioxidanty mohou d\u00edky sv\u00fdm protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdm, antioxida\u010dn\u00edm a repara\u010dn\u00edm \u00fa\u010dink\u016fm\u00a0 zabr\u00e1nit vzniku ko\u017en\u00ed rakoviny. Lze je pou\u017e\u00edvat jako dietn\u00ed dopl\u0148ky (selen, zinek, esenci\u00e1ln\u00ed mastn\u00e9 kyseliny Omega 3 a Omega 6, beta karoten, lykopeny, resveratrol,tanin,flavonoidy\u2026) a nyn\u00ed se nov\u011b p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 do sunscreen\u016f.Ochrana proti UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed je aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed zejm\u00e9na v l\u00e9t\u011b, ale nem\u011bli bychom ji podce\u0148ovat ani v\u00a0ostatn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stech roku \u2013 bohu\u017eel malign\u00ed melanom je n\u00e1dor s\u00a0nejrychleji rostouc\u00ed incidenc\u00ed (\u010detnost\u00ed v\u00fdskytu?) na sv\u011bt\u011b.Zvolme proto vhodn\u00fd zp\u016fsob ochrany a sna\u017eme se, aby n\u00e1m slune\u010dn\u00ed paprsky p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161ely radost a nebyly p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f.\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0MUDr. Michaela Prosov\u00e1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":10013,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,13,33,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12542","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medunka","category-pece-o-telo","category-rady-a-tipy","category-zdravi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12542","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12542"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12542\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12543,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12542\/revisions\/12543"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10013"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12542"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12542"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mojemedunka.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12542"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}